Editor’s Note: This article is the second installment of a three-part series on conversations about course ratings. Last month explored how to frame a discussion with a faculty member who receives average ratings semester after semester.
This second scenario may be the most challenging for department chairs. It’s the conversation that needs to occur with a faculty member whose end-of-course ratings are low.

Beyond the Credential Factory: Why Higher Education Must Shift from Management to Flourishing
For decades, higher education leadership has obsessed over “student success” as a purely operational metric. We track retention and graduation rates and postgraduation outcomes with the same linear precision that


