Leadership is vital to an organization’s success. Leadership skills are in demand, both by employers looking to hire new college graduates (Gray & Koncz, 2020) and by executives identifying candidates for succession planning (Fulmer et al., 2009). A holistic approach to leadership development—which includes on-the-job learning, supervisor coaching, skills assessment, and formal education—is superior to any one tactic alone (Elmuti et al., 2005).

Beyond the Credential Factory: Why Higher Education Must Shift from Management to Flourishing
For decades, higher education leadership has obsessed over “student success” as a purely operational metric. We track retention and graduation rates and postgraduation outcomes with the same linear precision that


