When the pandemic began, students could no longer meet with faculty for classes and other in-person meetings. Consequently, formative feedback students received from their faculty regarding their performance on exams and other course work had to stand in for lectures and other in-person conversations that typically used to occur between students and their instructors. Were feedback loops and low-stakes assessments supported in the emergency shift to remote learning?

Not Just a No-Show: Understanding Faculty Absence at Graduation
Each spring, university campuses are spruced up: Lawns are mowed and stages assembled, and rows of chairs fill the arena. Graduation is a time-honored tradition, celebrating students’ hard work and


