When disempowered employees, like part-time professors, are told they need professional development, it often creates negative emotions that leadership does not address. To disempowered employees, professional development commonly seems like a time investment that does not address day-to-day job challenges.

How Leaders Shape, Signal, and Build Cultures: A Discussion Guide for Academic Leaders and Their Teams
Among the many desired traits most prized in academic leadership, the ability to shape (or reshape) institutional culture is sometimes overlooked in favor of fiscal acumen, the ability to drive

